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1 Government's privilege
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2 Government's privilege
Юридический термин: правительственная привилегия (право правительственных лиц и органов не раскрывать государственную или служебную тайну), право правительственных лиц и органов не раскрывать государственную тайну, право правительственных лиц и органов не раскрывать служебную тайнуУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Government's privilege
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3 privilege
1) привилегия | давать привилегию2) преимущественное, привилегированное право3) изъятие; иммунитет; неприкосновенность•privilege against self-incrimination — привилегия против самообвинения;
- privilege of courtprivileges annexed to royalty — привилегии, присвоенные членам королевского дома
- privilege of parliament
- privilege of sanctuary
- privilege of witness
- absolute privilege
- advice privilege
- ambassador's privilege
- attorney-client privilege
- constitutional privilege
- corporate privilege
- crown privilege
- diplomatic privilege
- discretionary privilege
- evidentiary privilege
- executive privilege
- franking privilege
- governmental privilege
- hereditary privilege
- home leave privilege
- information privilege
- joint privilege
- judicial privilege
- legal privilege
- legal professional privilege
- litigant's privilege
- marital privilege
- native privilege
- personal privilege
- physician-patient privilege
- political privilege
- professional privilege
- qualified privilege
- self-incrimination privilege
- social privilege
- tax privilege
- testimonial privilege
- trial privilege
- vacation privilege
- voting privilege
- Government's privilege* * *• /vt/ давать привилегию -
4 privilege
اِمْتِيَاز \ concession: a special right given by a government, esp. to settle on a piece of land or to search for gold, oil, etc. on it. excellence: high quality. privilege: a special right or favour: We were given the privilege of fishing in his private stream. We had the privilege of meeting a famous artist. -
5 government-granted monopoly
эк. монополия на основе государственной лицензии*, гарантированная [предоставленная\] государством монополия* (монополия, которая представлена компании государством либо из соображений эффективности (в случае естественной монополии) c целью стимулировать инновации (путем выдачи патентов); такая компания обычно действует под более жестким государственным контролем)Syn:government granted monopoly, government-guaranteed monopoly, government guaranteed monopoly, franchised monopoly, government-protected monopoly, monopoly privilegeSee:Англо-русский экономический словарь > government-granted monopoly
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6 governmental privilege
= Government's privilege англ. правительственная привилегия (право правительственных лиц и органов не раскрывать государственную или служебную тайну) -
7 matters of privilege
пол., амер. привилегированные вопросы* (вопросы повестки парламентской сессии, имеющие преимущественное положение по отношению ко всем другим вопросам; этот статус присваивается предложениям, имеющим первостепенное значение по мнению президента, и неоконченным, т. е. перенесенным, дебатам по таким предложениям)See: -
8 правительственная привилегия
Law: Government's privilege (право правительственных лиц и органов не раскрывать государственную или служебную тайну), governmental privilege (право правительственных лиц и органов не раскрывать государственную или служебную тайну), patent from governmentУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > правительственная привилегия
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9 право правительственных лиц и органов не раскрывать государственную тайну
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > право правительственных лиц и органов не раскрывать государственную тайну
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10 право правительственных лиц и органов не раскрывать служебную тайну
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > право правительственных лиц и органов не раскрывать служебную тайну
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11 privilegio otorgado por el gobierno
• privilege granted by the governmentDiccionario Técnico Español-Inglés > privilegio otorgado por el gobierno
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12 executive
1) ((in a business organization etc) concerned with management: executive skills.) ejecutivo2) (concerned with the carrying out of laws etc: executive powers.) ejecutivoexecutive adj n ejecutivotr[ɪg'zekjətɪv]1 ejecutivo,-a1 (person) ejecutivo,-a; (committee) ejecutiva1 (government) el poder ejecutivo, el ejecutivoexecutive [ɪg'zɛkjət̬ɪv, ɛg-] adj: ejecutivo: ejecutivo m, -va fadj.• ejecutivo, -a adj.n.• director s.m.• ejecutivo s.m.• gerente s.m.,f.• poder ejecutivo s.m.
I ɪg'zekjətɪv, ɪg'zekjʊtɪv1) (Adm, Busn) ( managerial) ejecutivo; <washroom/suite/jet> para ejecutivos; <car/briefcase> de ejecutivo2) ( Govt) <powers/branch> ejecutivoexecutive privilege — ( in US) inmunidad de los miembros del ejecutivo
II
1) ( manager) ejecutivo, -va m,f2)a) ( branch of government)b) ( executive committee) (esp BrE) comisión f directiva, comité m ejecutivo[ɪɡ'zekjʊtɪv]1. ADJ1) (=managerial) [powers, role] ejecutivo; [position, duties, decision] directivo, de nivel ejecutivo; [pay, salaries] de los ejecutivos; [offices, suite] (=for executives) para ejecutivos; (=used by executives) de los ejecutivos; [car] de ejecutivo2) (esp Brit) * (=up-market) [briefcase, chair, toy] de ejecutivo2. N1) (=person) ejecutivo(-a) m / fchief 3.a sales executive — un(a) ejecutivo/a de ventas
2) (=group) [of company] comité m ejecutivo; [of trade union, party] ejecutiva fto be on the executive — [of company] pertenecer al comité ejecutivo; [of trade union, party] pertenecer a la ejecutiva
3) (=part of government) poder m ejecutivo, ejecutivo m3.CPDexecutive board N — (Admin, Ind) junta f directiva
executive chairman N — presidente(-a) m / f ejecutivo(-a)
executive committee N — (Admin, Ind) comité m ejecutivo
executive director N — (Brit) director(a) m / f ejecutivo(-a)
executive job N — puesto m de ejecutivo
executive lounge N — (in airport) sala f ejecutiva
executive officer N — (US) (Mil, Naut) segundo(-a) comandante m / f
executive pay N — salario m de ejecutivo
executive president N — presidente(-a) m / f ejecutivo(-a)
executive privilege N — (US) (Pol) inmunidad f del poder ejecutivo
executive producer N — (Cine, Theat, TV) productor(a) m / f ejecutivo(-a)
EXECUTIVE PRIVILEGE Se conoce como executive privilege el derecho que tiene el Presidente de Estados Unidos a no revelar cierta información al Congreso o a la judicatura en lo que se refiere a las actividades de su oficina. Suelen alegarse normalmente motivos de seguridad nacional o la necesidad de no desvelar ciertas conversaciones privadas del gobierno, pero no puede pedirse por razones personales. Varios presidentes han pedido durante su mandato que se les concediera este derecho de forma absoluta, pero los tribunales se lo han denegado. Durante el escándalo Watergate, el presidente Richard Nixon intentó acogerse a este derecho para no revelar ciertas grabaciones de conversaciones telefónicas de la Comisión de Investigación del Senado, pero le fue denegado por el Tribunal Supremo.executive secretary N — secretario(-a) m / f de dirección
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I [ɪg'zekjətɪv, ɪg'zekjʊtɪv]1) (Adm, Busn) ( managerial) ejecutivo; <washroom/suite/jet> para ejecutivos; <car/briefcase> de ejecutivo2) ( Govt) <powers/branch> ejecutivoexecutive privilege — ( in US) inmunidad de los miembros del ejecutivo
II
1) ( manager) ejecutivo, -va m,f2)a) ( branch of government)b) ( executive committee) (esp BrE) comisión f directiva, comité m ejecutivo -
13 conceder
v.1 to grant.me concedió un deseo he granted me a wishle concedí el beneficio de la duda I gave him the benefit of the doubtno concede entrevistas she doesn't give interviews¿me concede cinco minutos? could you give o spare me five minutes?2 to admit, to concede.3 to give.4 to allow to.* * *2 (atribuir) to give, attach3 (oportunidad, tiempo) to give4 (admitir) to concede, admit* * *verb1) to award, grant2) concede, admit* * *VT1) (=dar) [+ beca, premio] to award, grant; [+ crédito, permiso, deseo, entrevista] to grantsu mujer no quería concederle el divorcio — his wife didn't want to grant o give him a divorce
le concedieron el honor de presidir el congreso — they conferred on him the honour of presiding over the conference
¿me concede el honor de este baile? — may I have the pleasure of this dance?
2) frm (=admitir) to concede, admitconcedo que el error fue mío — I concede o admit it was my mistake
* * *verbo transitivo1)a) <premio/beca> to give, award; <descuento/préstamo> to give, grant (frml); <privilegio/favor/permiso> to grantel honor que me concedieron — the honor they conferred o bestowed on me
¿me podría conceder unos minutos? — could you spare me a few minutes?
b) <importancia/valor> to give2) (admitir, reconocer) to admit, acknowledge, concede* * *= award, confer (on/upon), grant, vest, cede, bestow, dispense.Ex. In recognition of his impact on cataloging, in 1974 he was awarded the Margaret Mann Citation and, in 1978, the Melvil Dewey Medal.Ex. Lastly, he was the 1971 recipient of the Melvil Dewey Medal, which was conferred upon him for creative professional achievement of a high order.Ex. In the majority of cases, the indexer is granted considerable freedom of choice as to the citation order he adopts in the construction of compound class numbers.Ex. This responsibility is vested in the Central Classification Committees of the member countries.Ex. We see this most clearly in the United Kingdom right now, as the Westminster government cedes authority both to the European Union and to a new parliament in Scotland.Ex. God offers penitents redemption but also bestows His 'common grace' on all.Ex. This paper describes the role of the federal government in dispensing aid to public libraries as part of the combat against the Great Depression of the 1930s.----* conceder aumento salarial = award + salary increase.* conceder beca = grant + scholarship.* conceder cierta autoridad sobre = give + Nombre + a say in.* conceder comisión de servicios = second.* conceder diploma = grant + diploma.* conceder el derecho al voto = enfranchise.* conceder el honor = accord + honour.* conceder en franquicia = franchise.* conceder facultades = endow with + powers.* conceder importancia = accord + significance level, attach + importance, place + importance.* conceder licencia = grant + license.* conceder licencia de comercialización = license [licence, -USA].* conceder mucha importancia a = lay + great store on.* conceder permiso = give + permission, grant + permission, grant + Alguien + leave.* conceder poderes = give + powers.* conceder potestad = confer + mandate.* conceder una licencia = issue + licence.* conceder una oportunidad = grant + opportunity.* conceder una petición = grant + request.* conceder un contrato = award + contract.* conceder un favor = bestow + favour.* conceder un premio = give + an award, grant + an award.* conceder un préstamo = grant + loan.* conceder un título = bestow + title.* privilegio concedido por el dinero = moneyed privilege.* que concede becas = grant-making.* que concede subsidios = grant-making.* que se concede en función de las necesidades económicas = means-tested.* * *verbo transitivo1)a) <premio/beca> to give, award; <descuento/préstamo> to give, grant (frml); <privilegio/favor/permiso> to grantel honor que me concedieron — the honor they conferred o bestowed on me
¿me podría conceder unos minutos? — could you spare me a few minutes?
b) <importancia/valor> to give2) (admitir, reconocer) to admit, acknowledge, concede* * *= award, confer (on/upon), grant, vest, cede, bestow, dispense.Ex: In recognition of his impact on cataloging, in 1974 he was awarded the Margaret Mann Citation and, in 1978, the Melvil Dewey Medal.
Ex: Lastly, he was the 1971 recipient of the Melvil Dewey Medal, which was conferred upon him for creative professional achievement of a high order.Ex: In the majority of cases, the indexer is granted considerable freedom of choice as to the citation order he adopts in the construction of compound class numbers.Ex: This responsibility is vested in the Central Classification Committees of the member countries.Ex: We see this most clearly in the United Kingdom right now, as the Westminster government cedes authority both to the European Union and to a new parliament in Scotland.Ex: God offers penitents redemption but also bestows His 'common grace' on all.Ex: This paper describes the role of the federal government in dispensing aid to public libraries as part of the combat against the Great Depression of the 1930s.* conceder aumento salarial = award + salary increase.* conceder beca = grant + scholarship.* conceder cierta autoridad sobre = give + Nombre + a say in.* conceder comisión de servicios = second.* conceder diploma = grant + diploma.* conceder el derecho al voto = enfranchise.* conceder el honor = accord + honour.* conceder en franquicia = franchise.* conceder facultades = endow with + powers.* conceder importancia = accord + significance level, attach + importance, place + importance.* conceder licencia = grant + license.* conceder licencia de comercialización = license [licence, -USA].* conceder mucha importancia a = lay + great store on.* conceder permiso = give + permission, grant + permission, grant + Alguien + leave.* conceder poderes = give + powers.* conceder potestad = confer + mandate.* conceder una licencia = issue + licence.* conceder una oportunidad = grant + opportunity.* conceder una petición = grant + request.* conceder un contrato = award + contract.* conceder un favor = bestow + favour.* conceder un premio = give + an award, grant + an award.* conceder un préstamo = grant + loan.* conceder un título = bestow + title.* privilegio concedido por el dinero = moneyed privilege.* que concede becas = grant-making.* que concede subsidios = grant-making.* que se concede en función de las necesidades económicas = means-tested.* * *conceder [E1 ]vtA1 ‹premio/beca› to give, award; ‹descuento/préstamo› to give, grant ( frml); ‹privilegio/favor› to grantlos jueces concedieron el triunfo al irlandés the judges awarded victory to the Irishman, the judges pronounced the Irishman the winnerabuchearon al árbitro por no conceder el penalty the referee was booed for not giving o awarding the penaltysin conceder un solo tanto without conceding a single pointme concedieron permiso they gave me permissionel honor que me concedieron the honor they conferred o bestowed on menos concedió una entrevista she agreed to give us an interview o to being interviewed by usterminó por concederle la razón a su contrincante he ended up admitting o conceding that his opponent was right¿me podría conceder unos minutos de su tiempo? could you spare me a few minutes of your time?2 ‹importancia/valor› to giveno le concedió demasiada importancia she did not give it too much importance o attach too much importance to itB (admitir, reconocer) to admit, acknowledge, concedetuvo que conceder que se había equivocado he had to admit o concede o acknowledge that he was wrong* * *
conceder ( conjugate conceder) verbo transitivo
1
‹descuento/préstamo› to give;
‹privilegio/favor/permiso› to grant;
¿me podría conceder unos minutos? could you spare me a few minutes?
2 (admitir, reconocer) to admit, acknowledge
conceder verbo transitivo
1 (admitir) to admit, concede
2 (un deseo, préstamo) to grant
(un premio, una beca) to award
3 frml (tiempo, atención) si me concede un minuto, if you can spare me a moment
4 (importancia) to give
conceder valor a algo, to attach value to something
' conceder' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acceder
- dar
- dotar
- merced
- negar
- premio
English:
accord
- award
- begrudge
- bestow
- concede
- grant
- confer
- devolve
- dispense
- give
- knight
- shut
- straight
* * *conceder vt1. [dar] to grant;[premio] to award; [beca] to give, to award; [préstamo, subvención] to give, to grant; [asilo, indulto, extradición] to grant;le concedí el beneficio de la duda I gave him the benefit of the doubt;me concedió un deseo he granted me a wish;no concede entrevistas she doesn't give interviews;¿me concede cinco minutos? could you give o spare me five minutes?;le han concedido un permiso para acudir al congreso he's been given o granted permission to attend the conference2. [asentir] to admit, to concede;concedo que están en lo cierto I admit that you're right3. [atribuir] [importancia] to give, to attach;no concede ningún valor al dinero money doesn't matter to her at all* * ** * *conceder vt1) : to grant, to bestow2) : to concede, to admit* * *conceder vb2. (beca, premio) to award -
14 executive
executive [ɪgˈzekjʊtɪv]1. adjectivea. [power, decision, function, role] directorial ; [position, pay] de cadre2. nouna. ( = person) cadre mb. ( = managing group: of organization) bureau mc. ( = part of government) exécutif m3. compounds━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━‼|/b] [b]exécutif is not the most common translation for executive.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━Le « privilège de l'exécutif » est le droit dont bénéficie le président des États-Unis de ne pas divulguer au Congrès ou au pouvoir judiciaire certaines informations jugées confidentielles ou devant rester secrètes pour des raisons de sécurité nationale. Plusieurs présidents ont tenté d'obtenir un droit au secret total, y compris pour des motifs personnels, mais la Cour suprême s'y est opposée.* * *[ɪg'zekjʊtɪv] 1.1) ( administrator) Commerce cadre m; ( in Civil Service) cadre m administratifsales executive — cadre m commercial
top executive — cadre m supérieur
2) ( committee) exécutif m, comité m exécutifparty/trade union executive — bureau m du parti/du syndicat
3) US2.1) ( administrative) [power, committee] exécutif/-ive; [status] de cadre2) ( luxury) [chair] directorial -
15 Congress
1) гос. упр., амер. конгресс (орган федеральной системы государственной власти, который разрабатывает законодательство и осуществляет надзор за политикой правительства; состоит из двух палат: сената и палаты представителей)Constitution grants the President the authority to summon the Congress for a special session if circumstances require. — В соответствии с конституцией президент имеет право при необходимости созывать специальную сессию конгресса.
At a joint session of Congress, the President called for support for his plan. — На совместной сессии конгресса президент призвал поддержать его план.
Syn:See:Act of Congress, governmental authority, Senate, House of Representatives, congressional budget, breach of privilege, impoundment resolution, Capitol, powers of Congress, Act of Congress, congressional government, Library of Congress, Congressional Member Organization, congressman, congressional page, Congressional Research Service, concurrent resolution, floor, budget resolution, backdoor financing, bipartisanship, breach of privilege, Congressional Budget Office, impoundment resolution, Althing, parliament, Oireachtas, adjournment, adjournment to a day certain, on-budget expenditure, joint resolution, parliamentarian 2), memorial 3) в), joint committee, lame-duck session, State of the Union, Government Printing Office, legislative system, General Court, General Assembly, congressional immunity2) пол. конгресс (в названиях некоторых общественных организаций, особенно профессиональных союзов и объединений) -
16 devolve
tr[dɪ'vɒlv]1 (work, duties) recaer (on/upon, sobre); (power, responsibility) pasar (to, a)2 (land, goods, property) pasar (to, a)1 (power, responsibility) delegar, transferir (to, a)\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto devolve government on/to the regions dar autonomía a las regionesv.• transferir v.dɪ'vɑːlv, dɪ'vɒlv
1.
a) (frml)to devolve TO o (UP)ON somebody — \<\<duties/responsibilities\>\> recaer* sobre or en alguien; \<\<authority/power\>\> pasar a alguien
b) \<\<property\>\>to devolve TO o ON somebody — pasar a alguien
2.
vt (frml) \<\<power\>\> delegar*, transferir*; \<\<privilege/right\>\> conceder[dɪ'vɒlv]1.VT [+ power] delegar; [+ government] descentralizar2.VI recaer (on, upon sobre)* * *[dɪ'vɑːlv, dɪ'vɒlv]
1.
a) (frml)to devolve TO o (UP)ON somebody — \<\<duties/responsibilities\>\> recaer* sobre or en alguien; \<\<authority/power\>\> pasar a alguien
b) \<\<property\>\>to devolve TO o ON somebody — pasar a alguien
2.
vt (frml) \<\<power\>\> delegar*, transferir*; \<\<privilege/right\>\> conceder -
17 امتياز
اِمْتِيَاز \ concession: a special right given by a government, esp. to settle on a piece of land or to search for gold, oil, etc. on it. excellence: high quality. privilege: a special right or favour: We were given the privilege of fishing in his private stream. We had the privilege of meeting a famous artist. -
18 concession
اِمْتِيَاز \ concession: a special right given by a government, esp. to settle on a piece of land or to search for gold, oil, etc. on it. excellence: high quality. privilege: a special right or favour: We were given the privilege of fishing in his private stream. We had the privilege of meeting a famous artist. -
19 excellence
اِمْتِيَاز \ concession: a special right given by a government, esp. to settle on a piece of land or to search for gold, oil, etc. on it. excellence: high quality. privilege: a special right or favour: We were given the privilege of fishing in his private stream. We had the privilege of meeting a famous artist. -
20 self-
преф.само-, себе-, своє-- self-accusation
- self-acting control
- self-administration
- self-annihilation
- self-assurance
- self-authenticating
- self-authentication
- self-binding
- self-burning
- self-censorship
- self-centered
- self-centred
- self-collision
- self-condemnation
- self-confessedly guilty
- self-confidence
- self-constituted
- self-constituted
- self-contained
- self-contradicting statement
- self-contradiction
- self-contradictory
- self-contradictory statement
- self-control
- self-dealing
- self-defence
- self-defence killer
- self-defence killing
- self-defense
- self-defensive measures
- self-denial
- self-depreciation
- self-depreciative
- self-destroyer
- self-destruction
- self-determination
- self-determination of peoples
- self-discipline
- self-elected
- self-elective
- self-employed
- self-employed person
- self-employment
- self-employment tax
- self-esteem
- self-exculpation
- self-executing
- self-executing treaty
- self-exposure
- self-explanatory
- self-flagellation
- self-glorification
- self-governing
- self-governing colony
- self-governing territory
- self-government
- self-government body
- self-government institution
- self-government organ
- self-government unit
- self-help
- self-homicide
- self-ignition
- self-immolation
- self-incriminating
- self-incriminating answer
- self-incriminating evidence
- self-incrimination
- self-incrimination clause
- self-incrimination guarantee
- self-incrimination immunity
- self-incrimination privilege
- self-induced intoxication
- self-inflicted
- self-inflicted death
- self-inflicted gunshot wound
- self-inflicted injury
- self-injury
- self-insurance
- self-interest
- self-interested
- self-invited
- self-jurisdiction
- self-justification
- self-killer
- self-love
- self-made
- self-made explosive device
- self-murder
- self-murderer
- self-mutilation
- self-mutilator
- self-partiality
- self-poisoning
- self-praise
- self-preservation
- self-proclaimed
- self-protection
- self-recrimination
- self-referral
- self-regard
- self-regulation
- self-reported
- self-reported criminal
- self-reproach
- self-respect
- self-respectful
- self-restraint
- self-rule
- self-ruling
- self-sacrifice
- self-seeking
- self-slander
- self-slaughter
- self-sufficiency
- self-sufficient
- self-supporting person
- self-sustained
- self-taxation
- self-validating
- self-will
См. также в других словарях:
Privilege (evidence) — Under common law, privilege is a term describing a number of rules excluding evidence that would be adverse to a fundamental principle or relationship if it were disclosed. [Butterworths Concise Australian Legal Dictionary] The most common form… … Wikipedia
privilege — priv·i·lege n [Latin privilegium law affecting a specific person, special right, from privus private + leg lex law] 1: a right, license, or exemption from duty or liability granted as a special benefit, advantage, or favor: as a: an exemption… … Law dictionary
privilege — priv‧i‧lege [ˈprɪvlɪdʒ] noun 1. [countable] a special advantage given to a small group of people, organizations, countries etc: • The new trade privileges will enhance Vienna s effort to attract US companies. • The Treasury will allow dealers to … Financial and business terms
government — gov·ern·ment / gə vər mənt, vərn / n 1: the act or process of governing; specif: authoritative direction or control 2: the office, authority, or function of governing 3: the continuous exercise of authority over and the performance of functions… … Law dictionary
privilege — [priv′ə lij, priv′lij] n. [OFr < L privilegium, an exceptional law for or against any individual < privus, PRIVATE + lex (gen. legis), law: see LEGAL] 1. a right, advantage, favor, or immunity specially granted to one; esp., a right held by … English World dictionary
privilege — A particular and peculiar benefit or advantage enjoyed by a person, company, or class, beyond the common advantages of other citizens. An exceptional or extraordinary power or exemption. A peculiar right, advantage, exemption, power, franchise,… … Black's law dictionary
Privilège de secret d'État — L affaire United States v. Reynolds (en) de 1953 impliquait une action au civil contre le gouvernement des États Unis de veuves de militaires décédés lors d un accident d un … Wikipédia en Français
Government-granted monopoly — In economics, a government granted monopoly (also called a de jure monopoly ) is a form of coercive monopoly by which a government grants exclusive privilege to a private individual or firm to be the sole provider of a good or service; potential… … Wikipedia
Privilege — A privilege mdash;etymologically private law or law relating to a specific individual mdash;is a special entitlement or immunity granted by a government or other authority to a restricted group, either by birth or on a conditional basis. A… … Wikipedia
privilege — [[t]prɪ̱vɪlɪʤ[/t]] privileges, privileging, privileged 1) N COUNT A privilege is a special right or advantage that only one person or group has. The Russian Federation has issued a decree abolishing special privileges for government officials … English dictionary
privilege — privileger, n. /priv euh lij, priv lij/, n., v., privileged, privileging. n. 1. a right, immunity, or benefit enjoyed only by a person beyond the advantages of most: the privileges of the very rich. 2. a special right, immunity, or exemption… … Universalium